Oxymetholone (Anadrol)

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11-13-2012
burlyman30

Oxymetholone (Anadrol)

The efficacy of oxymetholone in combination with erythropoietin on hematologic parameters and muscle mass in CAPD patients.

Quote:

Aramwit P, Palapinyo S, Wiwatniwong S, Supasyndh O.

Source
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the efficacy of oxymetholone, an androgenic steroid, in combination with rHuEPO on hematologic and muscle mass in CAPD patients.

METHODS:
A double-blinded, placebo-controlled experimental study was conducted for 6 months and 24 CAPD patients were divided into two groups. The treatment group (n = 11) received rHuEPO plus oral oxymetholone (50 mg/tablet twice daily). The placebo group (n = 13) received rHuEPO plus a placebo twice daily. The evolution of the patients' hematologic parameters and the impact of the drugs on their muscle mass were evaluated.

RESULTS:
After 6 months of therapy, hematocrit and hemoglobin values of the treatment group were significantly different from those of the placebo group (38.1 ± 1.0% and 32.8 ± 0.9%, p = 0.001; 12.9 ± 0.3 g/dl and 11.0 ± 0.3 g/dl, p = 0.001 for hematocrit and hemoglobin, respectively). The increase in hematocrit and hemoglobin values observed in treatment group was statistically greater than those of the placebo group (p < 0.01). After 6 months, none of anthropometric parameters, albumin, protein or lean body mass levels, were significantly different from baseline in the placebo group. Conversely, most of the anthropometric parameters, albumin and lean body mass levels were significantly increased in the oxymetholone group (p < 0.05). The mean weight of subjects in the oxymetholone group changed from 63.82 ± 2.71 to 67.02 ± 3.26 kg (p = 0.001). The subjective global assessment score for 7 patients in the treatment group (63.6%) changed in a positive manner. A rise in liver enzymes was the main side effect observed in the treatment group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Oxymetholone significantly enhances the erythropoietic effects of rHuEPO and improves the nutritional status of CAPD patients. However, significant increases in liver enzymes need to be monitored closely.

The efficacy of oxymetholone in co... [Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010] - PubMed - NCBI
11-14-2012
burlyman30

Effect of Oral Anabolic Steroid on Muscle Strength and Muscle Growth in Hemodialysis Patients.

Quote:

Supasyndh O, Satirapoj B, Aramwit P, Viroonudomphol D, Chaiprasert A, Thanachatwej V, Vanichakarn S, Kopple JD.

Source
Division of Nephrology, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand;, †Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications Research Unit and Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;, ‡National Institute of Metrology, Bangkok, Thailand;, §The Kidney Foundation of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand, ‖Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Sarcopenia is common in hemodialysis patients. This study examined whether the anabolic steroid oxymetholone improves muscle mass and handgrip strength in hemodialysis patients and possible mechanisms that might engender such changes.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS:
Forty-three eligible hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to ingest oxymetholone or placebo for 24 weeks. Body composition, handgrip strength, and quality of life were measured during the study. Muscle biopsies were performed and analyzed for mRNA levels for myostatin, IGF-I, IGF binding proteins, and myosin heavy chains and protein expression. Muscle fiber types and diameter were assessed by reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide staining.

RESULTS:
There was a significantly greater increase in fat-free mass and handgrip strength and decrease in fat mass in the oxymetholone compared with the placebo group. Moreover, compared with baseline values, patients given oxymetholone exhibited an increase in fat-free mass, handgrip strength, physical functioning scores, and type I muscle fiber cross-sectional area and a decrease in fat mass, whereas patients receiving placebo did not undergo changes. There was a significantly greater increase in muscle mRNA levels for myosin heavy chain 2×, IGF-I, and IGF-II receptor with oxymetholone treatment than placebo. Liver enzyme rose significantly in the oxymetholone group, but the number of values greater than three times the upper limit of normal were not different between these groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
In hemodialysis patients, ingesting oxymetholone was associated with an increase in fat-free mass, handgrip strength, and muscle mRNA levels for several growth factors and a decrease in fat mass, but it also induced liver injury.

Effect of Oral Anabolic Steroid on Mus... [Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI
11-14-2012
burlyman30

Oxymetholone for the treatment of HIV-wasting: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial in eugonadal men and women.

Quote:

Hengge UR, Stocks K, Faulkner S, Wiehler H, Lorenz C, Jentzen W, Hengge D, Ringham G.

Source
Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), chronic involuntary weight loss still remains a serious problem in the care of HIV patients due to various alterations in energy metabolism and endocrine regulation. Previous studies in HIV-positive men undergoing androgen replacement therapy or treatment with recombinant growth hormone (rGH) have shown partial restoration of lean body mass (LBM), but these treatments have largely not been sufficiently studied in eugonadal individuals.

METHOD:
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 89 HIV-positive eugonadal women and men with wasting assigned to the anabolic steroid oxymetholone (50 mg bid or tid) or placebo for 16 weeks was performed. Body weight, bioimpedance measurements, quality of life parameters, and appetite were analyzed.

RESULTS:
Oxymetholone led to a significant weight gain of 3.0 +/- 0.5 and 3.5 +/- 0.7 kg in the tid and bid groups, respectively (p <.05 for each treatment versus placebo), while individuals in the placebo group gained an average of 1.0 +/- 0.7 kg. Body cell mass (BCM) increased in the oxymetholone bid group (3.8 +/- 0.4 kg; p <.0001) and in the oxymetholone tid group (2.1 +/- 0.6 kg; p <.005). Significant improvements were noted in appetite and food intake, increased wellbeing, and reduced weakness by self-examination. The most important adverse event was liver-associated toxicity. Overall, 43% of patients in the tid group, 25% of patients in the bid oxymetholone group, and 8% in the placebo group had a greater than 5 times baseline increase for ALT, AST, or gamma GT, while other adverse events were not increased over placebo.

CONCLUSION:
Oxymetholone can be considered an effective anabolic steroid in eugonadal male and female patients with AIDS-associated wasting. The bid (100 mg/day) regimen appeared to be equally effective to the tid (150 mg/day) regimen in terms of weight gain, LBM, and BCM and was associated with less liver toxicity.

Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III ... [AIDS. 2003] - PubMed - NCBI